Nationality: British
Description
Alfred North Whitehead (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher. He is best known as the defining figure of the philosophical school known as process philosophy, which today has found application to a wide variety of disciplines, including ecology, theology, education, physics, biology, economics, and psychology, among other areas.
In his early career Whitehead wrote primarily on mathematics, logic, and physics. His most notable work in these fields is the three-volume Principia Mathematica (1910–1913), which he wrote with former student Bertrand Russell. Principia Mathematica is considered one of the twentieth century's most important works in mathematical logic, and placed 23rd in a list of the top 100 English-language nonfiction books of the twentieth century by Modern Library.Beginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rather than material objects, and that processes are best defined by their relations with other processes, thus rejecting the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another. Today Whitehead's philosophical works – particularly Process and Reality – are regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy.
Whitehead's process philosophy argues that "there is urgency in coming to see the world as a web of interrelated processes of which we are integral parts, so that all of our choices and actions have consequences for the world around us." For this reason, one of the most promising applications of Whitehead's thought in recent years has been in the area of ecological civilization and environmental ethics pioneered by John B. Cobb Jr.
Alfred North Whitehead's "Philosophy of Organism"
with Matthew D. Segall
by Dartington Trust
June 4, 2021 | 1:36:01
This talk introduces Alfred North Whitehead’s “Philosophy of Organism,” a novel metaphysical scheme that he articulated in the first half of the twentieth century not only as a protest against the lifeless Nature imagined by scientific materialism, but also as a rejection of the narrow linguistic analysis and sterile logical positivism of his philosophical contemporaries. His was an attempt to make natural science philosophical again by asking whether physical causes and motions need be so violently segregated from the conscious reasons and emotions by which we apprehend them. We will explore the major themes of his magnum opus, Process & Reality, wherein Whitehead attempts to construct an organic system of the universe that not only brings quantum and relativity theories into coherence, but gathers up scientific truths, aesthetic feelings, and religious values into an integral vision of reality.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Matthew D. Segall is a process philosopher whose research focuses on process-relational thought (especially Alfred North Whitehead) and German Idealism (especially Friedrich Schelling). He is an Assistant Professor in the Philosophy, Cosmology, and Consciousness program at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco, CA (CIIS.edu). He has published articles on a wide-array of topics, including metaphysics, Gaia theory, religious studies, psychedelics, and architecture. He also blogs regularly at footnotes2plato.com.
This talk is part of the Holistic Science programme at Schumacher College. Find out more about the programme and register for updates about the course: https://campus.dartington.org/study/courses/
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Alfred North Whitehead and James Haughton Woods |
Alfred North Whitehead
and James Haughton Woods
George R. Lucas, Jr., our General Editor for the Critical Edition of Whitehead, recently completed an east coast crawl that included visits to several archives that held Whitehead-related papers. While combing through the Victor Lowe and Whitehead papers held at Johns Hopkins, he not only recovered numerous letters, photographs, and student notes, but also one item of special interest: Whitehead’s appointment book for 1924-26. This is an exciting resource for us to have as we are in the midst of editing student notes for 1925-27, as it gives us a better idea of when Whitehead met individually with students, when he met with other friends and colleagues, and explains some of his classroom absences.
In reviewing this appointment book, I noticed something interesting. For the fall of 1925, Whitehead wrote “Woods at 3-4” (or some variation thereof) for every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. James Haughton Woods (1864-1935) was the philosophy department chair, so it’s possible that these could have been departmental or private meetings, but it seems more likely that Whitehead was regularly attending one of Woods’ classes.
That semester, Woods co-taught a seminar on the history of philosophy, but if we assume that seminars were commonly once a week, the more likely class that Whitehead was attending was Woods’ “Philosophy 12: Early Greek philosophy, with especial reference to Plato.”
How much might Woods (who was an expert in Greek and Indian/Buddhist thought) have influenced Whitehead’s thought, particularly with regard to Plato and Buddhism? Lowe opined that Whitehead’s references to Buddhism in the Lowell lectures owed much to Woods (volume 2, p. 195), who was apparently Whitehead’s closest friend in the department.
From Lowe (volume 2, 137-138):
Woods, at fifty-nine, was the oldest of the tenured philosophers at Harvard. His teacher, William James, had suggested that he enter the field of Indian philosophy. He became expert in it, in Far Eastern thought, and in Greek philosophy. He is now forgotten because he published so little… He was intensely proud of the Harvard Philosophy Department, and raised money from outside sources to strengthen it. Woods was the one who got assurance from President Lowell that he would not veto Whitehead’s appointment on ground of age (as he had vetoed the offer of a professorship to John Dewey [Whitehead was only a year and a half younger than Dewey])… Whitehead felt more at ease with [Woods] than with anyone else in the Department… Woods helped him with everything, and for many years was his most valued colleague in the Philosophy Department.
Speaking of publishing little, Whitehead co-wrote a “Minute on the Life and Services of Professor James Haughton Woods” upon his death in 1935 for the Harvard University Gazette, the final paragraph of which reads:
It is inevitable that a man so extravagantly endowed should be imperfectly embodied in his published works. The soil from which these sprang, their context of unused learning, their surrounding and sustaining medium of experience and sensitive discernment, are perpetuated in what he gave during his life to his students and friends, and in the grateful love which this giving inspired.
We may never know the extent to which Whitehead’s thought on Plato was influenced by what he heard in Woods’ lectures. Unless someone later digs up notes from Woods’ classes in the same way that we’ve dug up notes for Whitehead’s, we have no points of comparison. But this recent discovery is a good reminder that Whitehead’s philosophy, as startlingly original as it is, did not emerge out of a vacuum, with Woods being only the latest example of a largely overlooked influence to whom Whitehead may have owed an intellectual debt.
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How to cite this blog: Petek, Joseph. “Whitehead and James Haughton Woods.” whiteheadresearch.org:
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Alfred North Whitehead
(Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947)
An online book about this author is available, as is a Wikipedia article.
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The Concept of Nature (Gutenberg text)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An Introduction to Mathematics (Gutenberg LaTeX and PDF)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Principia Mathematica (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1910-1913), also by Bertrand Russell
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the Making (1926) (HTML in Korea)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: A Treatise on Universal Algebra, With Applications (page images at Cornell)
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Additional books from the extended shelves:
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of descriptive geometry (University Press, 1907) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of descriptive geometry (University Press, 1914) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of descriptive geometry (University Press, 1907) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of projective geometry (University Press, 1906) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of projective geometry (University Press, 1906) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The axioms of projective geometry (Hafner Publishing Co., 1906) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The Concept of nature : Tarner lectures delivered in Trinity College, November, 1919 (The University press, 1920) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The concept of nature : Tarner lectures delivered in Trinity college, November, 1919 (The University press, 1920) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The concept of nature; Tarner lectures delivered in Trinity College, November 1919 (University Press, 1926) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge (University Press, 1919) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge (University press, 1925) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge. (University press, 1925) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge (Gutenberg ebook)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An introduction to mathematics (H. Holt and company; [etc., etc., 1911) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An introduction to mathematics (Williams & Northgate, 1911) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An introduction to mathematics (Williams & Northgate, 1910) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An introduction to mathematics, by A. N. Whitehead. (Williams & Northgate:, 1911) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: An introduction to mathematics, by A. N. Whitehead. (H. Holt and company, 1911) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: On mathematical concepts of the material world. (Published for the Royal Society by Dulan, 1906) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The organisation of thought, educational and scientific. (Williams and Norgate, 1917) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Principia mathematica (University Press, 1910), also by Bertrand Russell (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Principia mathematica (The University press, 1925), also by Bertrand Russell (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Principia mathematica (University Press, 1963), also by Bertrand Russell (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The principle of relativity with applications to physical science (The University Press, 1922) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the making (Meridian Books, 1960) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the making (Macmillan, 1960) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the making; Lowell lectures, 1926 (The Macmillan Company, 1926) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the making; Lowell lectures, 1926 (The Macmillan company, 1954) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Religion in the making : Lowell lectures, 1926 (Macmillan, 1957) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The rhythm of education; an address delivered to the Training college association. (Christophers, 1922) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Science and the modern world. (Macmillan, 1953) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Science and the modern world (Macmillan, 1960) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Science and the modern world (Gutenberg ebook)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Science and the modern world. Lowell lectures, 1925 (The Macmillan company, 1925) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Science and the modern world. Lowell lectures, 1925 (The Macmillan company, 1927) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Symbolism, its meaning and effect (MacMillan, 1927) (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: Symbolism, its meaning and effect (The Macmillan Company, 1927) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: A treatise on universal algebra : with applications (The University Press, 1898) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: A treatise on universal algebra, with applications. (The University Press, 1898) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: A treatise on universal algebra : with applications (The University Press, 1898), also by T. N. Whitehead (page images at HathiTrust)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: A treatise on universal algebra, with applications. Vol.I. (The University press, 1898) (page images at HathiTrust; US access only)
- Whitehead, Alfred North, 1861-1947: The usurper : a tragedy : and other poems (William Pickering, 1836), also by Kohler Collection of British Poetry (page images at HathiTrust)
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Alfred North Whitehead -
Collection of Publications
Part 1