I believe I have finally found an Internet site as dense as mine own. Kudos! to Kelly Hart! You've done an amazing job! Thank you! - re slater
HUMANPAST.NET
HumanPast.net was designed as a large filing system for keeping track of, and analyzing, information that pertains to who we are and how we got here on Earth. Most of what fills the many pages of this website was gleaned from books, and the excerpts were taken as direct quotes without editing, or if they were edited this would be indicated with ellipses ... References to the specific sources for the information are indicated by links that appear at the end of every quote.
I have attempted to approach this project with a very open mind, selecting some material that is conventionally accepted and some material that might be considered questionable by the academic community. I feel that by placing all of this information into a readily accessible form that is organized according to time, topic and location, that it will help provide a basis for better understanding our origins and experience as a species.
The menu at the top of each page depicts 13 general categories that relate to our evolution, as well as access to source material and a page where you can search the entire site for any specific information. Drop down submenus show the range of time frames that are represented by all of the pages; this ranges from the present back to several thousands, or even millions of years. Clicking on any one of the times will take you to the page where all of the collected information on that particular topic that relates to that particular time frame can be found.
Each individual page is further organized according to location, and the links at the top of the page will jump you to the place on the page where information that pertains to that location can be found. These location tags are generally arranged according to continents or regions that have been a focus for anthropological or archaeological research. Usually the page starts with globally pertinent information that is not confined to a specific region. The "Other" category includes all island or other locations that are not represented by the major locations.
To further elucidate or illustrate the text I have often included either scans of images found as part of the source material, or taken directly from open source image libraries found online.
You will notice that not all locations, or even all of the category/time pages have text inserted. This is a work in progress, and I continue to place pertinent material as I read about this fascinating area of study, and as time allows.
I am making all of this available for study because I feel that only by understanding the broad range of information available can we all make reasonable judgements about who we are and where we came from. Enjoy the process of coming to your own conclusions!
Kelly Hart
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Evolution Around 10,000 BC
The Globe
The earliest known dog in the archaeological record dates back 14,000 years. But the remains that date to that point in time are few and far between. More dogs have been found buried with humans who died about 12,000 years ago, which indicates that by the end the Ice Age the human-dog relationship was beginning to be established. It was not until 7000 BC to 6000 BC, however, that this relationship was clearly established in the archaeological record. The bones of dogs become common in campsites of the late Neolithic period. (The Genesis Race)
By the beginning of the Holocene the body mass of males living at higher latitudes was not significantly different from that of males living at these latitudes today. The same is also true of high-latitude females. At lower latitudes, however, males and females were still significantly larger (11-12%) than those now living at these latitudes. One other interesting feature of these changes is that at the same time there appears to have been a parallel reduction in brain size. (Climate Change in Prehistory)
…Homo floresiensis, the “Hobbit,” quite possibly a completely different human species from our own that survived for tens of thousands of years after our other evolutionary cousins the Neanderthals and the Denisovans had vanished from the earth. It’s intriguing that the date of extinction of Homo floresiensis appears to have been around 12,000 years ago—exactly in the apocalyptic Younger Dryas window. (Magicians of the Gods)
Africa
In North Africa, modern man (Homo sapiens sapiens) appeared as Iberomaurusians (an African Cro-Magnon variation) between 19,000 and 10,000 years ago. (Before the Pharaohs)
What Irish found is that Cro-Magnon types, Iberomaurusians of twelve thousand years ago, are related to North Africans who lived later in history, during Egypt's dynastic times. However, despite purported similarities in culture and robust cranial characteristics, Iberomaurusians are wholly unlike Nubians from twelve thousand years ago or more. The Iberomaurusian samples show resemblance to all later North Africans, as suggested by the features found in the North African dental trait complex. Extreme divergence between ice age Iberomaurusians and Nubians suggests they are not closely related. Nubians exhibit a mass-additive dental pattern, like that found in sub-Saharan peoples. The latter possess a suite of eleven traits that Irish calls the "sub-Saharan African dental complex." The dental evidence supports the theory that the older of the two general types of people were the North African Cro-Magnon, which existed throughout North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. However, for some unknown reason, they appear to almost vanish in North Africa, allowing Mediterranean types to become more prominent. (Before the Pharaohs)
It appears that the first incursions of nomads into the southern Sahara, which came from the south, did not take place until around 12 kya. At around the same time migrants may also have entered the northern Sahara from the Mediterranean coast. There is evidence of their presence by 11.5 kya in the Acacus Mountains of Libyan Sahara. What is even more interesting is that between 9 and 8 kya these people had developed a hunting strategy that involved the capture, penning and feeding of Barbary sheep to manage their food supplies more efficiently. (Climate Change in Prehistory)
Southwest Asia
Paleopathologists studying ancient skeletons from Greece and Turkey found a striking parallel. The average height of hunter-gatherers in that region toward the end of the Ice Age was a generous five feet ten inches for men, five feet six inches for women. With the adoption of agriculture, height crashed, reaching by 4000 BC a low value of only five feet three for men, five feet one for women. By classical times, heights were very slowly on the rise again, but modern Greeks and Turks have still not regained the heights of their healthy hunter-gatherer ancestors. (The Third Chimpanzee)
According to one physical anthropologist, all of the burials at Ain Mallaha were of the Robust or Eurafrican type of Proto-Mediterranean; all those at Nahal Oren were Gracile Proto-Mediterranean. She believes that these two sub-races, which still dominate the Mediterranean populations of today, diverged from a common ancestor many thousands of years before meeting again in tenth millennium Palestine. (Plato Prehistorian)
Egypt
Through skeletal and dental comparisons, it is clear that the Cro-Magnon types were the dominant human group in North Africa and the Mediterranean prior to 10,000 BC. Studies from both Egypt and Malta bear this out, and attest to the probability that Mediterranean type slowly mixed with the indigenous population. The Cro-Magnon types began to diminish around 5000 BC. Eventually, the Mediterranean types became the dominant human type in the area. Since, as scholars such as Emery have noted, Cro-Magnon types were some of the earliest pharaohs, it is logical to conclude that they were members of the host culture that occupied the land in Egypt. (Before the Pharaohs)
Indus Valley
Type B [blood] is believed to have developed between 10,000 and 15,000 years ago in the Himalayan highlands (currently Pakistan and India). Its highest numbers are in India, Japan, China, and Mongolia, and in Russia up to the Ural Mountains. (Gods, Genes, and Consciousness)
China
Recently discovered human fossils from Longlin Cave and Red Deer Cave in southwest China raise an intriguing mystery. Falling into extinction as recently as 11,500 years ago—a date that coincides with the cataclysmic end of the Younger Dryas—these so-called “Red Deer People” were not anatomically modern humans. Instead the fossils exhibit a range of “primitive” features. “Their skulls are anatomically unique,” reports lead researcher Darren Curnoe, an evolutionary biologist at the University of New South Wales. “They look very different to all modern humans, whether alive today or in Africa 150,000 years ago.” Chris Stringer at the Natural History Museum in London proposes a solution—namely that the Red Deer People were a separate species, the result of an episode of interbreeding between anatomically modern humans and Denisovans. Afterward, Darren Curnoe suggests, they became isolated from other human populations and “did not contribute genetically to people alive in East Asia today.” (Magicians of the Gods)
Europe
Through skeletal and dental comparisons, it is clear that the Cro-Magnon types were the dominant human group in North Africa and the Mediterranean prior to 10,000 BC. Studies from both Egypt and Malta bear this out, and attest to the probability that Mediterranean type slowly mixed with the indigenous population. The Cro-Magnon types began to diminish around 5000 BC. Eventually, the Mediterranean types became the dominant human type in the area. Since, as scholars such as Emery have noted, Cro-Magnon types were some of the earliest pharaohs, it is logical to conclude that they were members of the host culture that occupied the land in Egypt. (Before the Pharaohs)
Paleopathologists studying ancient skeletons from Greece and Turkey found a striking parallel. The average height of hunter-gatherers in that region toward the end of the Ice Age was a generous five feet ten inches for men, five feet six inches for women. With the adoption of agriculture, height crashed, reaching by 4000 BC a low value of only five feet three for men, five feet one for women. By classical times, heights were very slowly on the rise again, but modern Greeks and Turks have still not regained the heights of their healthy hunter-gatherer ancestors. (The Third Chimpanzee)
...there is clear evidence in Thom's plan of Avebury that this neolithic monument should be considered the work of extraordinaryily sophisticated minds... "as far as brain power is concerned, my superiors." Yet they could apparently neither read nor write. Thom was a highly respected engineer, a polymath who taught both engineering and surveying and wrote numerous published papers on field-working methods. Not one to express lightly the brain power evident in the Neolithic Period, he came to this conclusion following arduous calculations based on data collected from hundreds of monuments over a period of forty years. If Thom's beliefs were correct, individual among the Neolithic people at Avebury were capable of communicating intelligent information through the structure of their monuments. With the benefit of technology that was not available to them, we can now suggest that the precise location of these monuments may help us to understand not only that they could do this, but also why they were doing it. (Sacred Geometry of the Earth)
Cro-Magnon had a very tall stature. He averaged well over six feet, and sported rather heavy cheek bones, a heavy brow and a strong jaw. The original race of cro-Magnon was extremely dolichocephalic (long-headed from front to back) and yet had a short face and large forehead. We have four Cro-Magnon invasions, on both sides of Gibraltar, occurring over a period of just under 25,000 years: the Aurignacian, Solutrean, Magdalenian and Azilian. The last one occurred just when Atlantis was said to have subsided, and since that magic date, there have been no more Cro-Magnon invasions. The final "invasion," the Azilian, occurred approximately 10,000 B.C., suspiciously close to the date Plato says Atlantis sank. (Species with Amnesia)
The mitochondrial DNA discoveries show that the Basque population is related to the North American Indian population. ... it seemed hat Haplogroup X entered by 28,000 B.C. and again in 10,000 B.C. These appear to be waves of immigration from the Atlantic. (Species with Amnesia)
South America
Another skeleton, of a woman being called Luzia, which was found in Brazil, has prompted speculation of another origins scenario. The skeleton, estimated to be possibly 11,500 years old and thus older than any previous human bones in the Western Hemisphere, appeared to be more Negroid in its cranial features than Mongoloid. (112)
Cro-Magnon types have also been found in certain portions of North and South America, even as far south as Tierra del Fuego where 10,000-12,000 year-old Cro-Magnon-type skeletons have been found. (Species with Amnesia)
Mesoamerica
North America
C. Turner looked at many different features of teeth, including shoveling, and variations in the number of roots of premolars and molars. By comparing large samples of teeth on many different measurements, Turner concluded that: (1) New World groups are more like Asians than like Europeans; (2) all New World groups resemble each other more than they do most Old World populations; (3) dental variation is greater in North America than in South America; (4) there are three "clusters" of New World peoples. It is very difficult, however, to estimate rates of change in these kinds of physical features, and thereby to estimate how long ago the migrations to the Americas began, but Turner's calculations estimate a date of about 12,000 years ago for the initial colonization of the New World, with two much later waves of colonizations.(Patterns in Prehistory)
...mtDNA profiling by Douglas Wallace's group of Native Americans living in the Great Lakes region shows the existence of a fifth genetic lineage. This form (X) only exists amongst Europeans and is not present in East Asians. The data suggest that this haplogroup arrived in the Americas either 12 to 17 kya or 23 to 36 kya. (Climate Change in Prehistory)
Many of the mastodon sites in Orange County are located very near the Dutchess Quarry Cave, an archaeological site of extreme importance and age, which holds evidence at its deepest levels of some of the earliest human occupation on the North American continent, dating to 10,000 BCE or earlier, according to Gramly and others. (Spirits in Stone)
Cro-Magnon types have also been found in certain portions of North and South America, even as far south as Tierra del Fuego where 10,000-12,000 year-old Cro-Magnon-type skeletons have been found. (Species with Amnesia)
The mitochondrial DNA discoveries show that the Basque population is related to the North American Indian population. ... it seemed hat Haplogroup X entered by 28,000 B.C. and again in 10,000 B.C. These appear to be waves of immigration from the Atlantic. (Species with Amnesia)
Other
Fossilized remains available to us so far show Homo sapiens appeared without direct antecedents much less than half a million years ago. Their fossils have been found in Australia as late as 10,000 BC. (Gods, Genes, and Consciousness)
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