- Definition of Sin - Hamartiology examines what constitutes sin, often defining it as a willful transgression of God's law or a failure to meet God's standard of righteousness.
- Origin of Sin - It investigates the origins of sin, often citing the Fall of Man in the Garden of Eden as the point where sin entered the human race.
- Consequences of Sin - Hamartiology explores the effects of sin, including alienation from God, the consequences of sin on individuals, and the potential for eternal judgment.
- Resolution of Sin - Examination of how sin can be forgiven and addressed through salvation / atonement via confession and repentance - particularly within the context of Christian atonement through Jesus' sacrificial death.
- Key Concepts - Hamartiology also delves into related concepts like original sin, total depravity, and salvation - exploring their implications for human nature and relationship with God.
- Philosophical Sin - According to Wikipedia, philosophical sin refers to morally bad acts that violate a natural order of reason, rather than divine law. This concept is used by societies whose aim is to create a moral, ethical ,and legal system independent of religious beliefs.
- Secular Sin - Some suggest that "secular sin" could be an insensitive or malevolent transgression that causes harm to another soul. This could include actions that violate a person's own standards of behavior, causing them regret and a loss of self-dignity.
- Moral Frameworks - Even without religion, individuals and societies can establish moral frameworks based on principles like empathy, fairness, just-ness, and the avoidance of harm. Actions that violate these principles could be considered "wrong" or "sinful" within that moral framework.
- Consequences - Whether or not actions are considered "sinful" in a religious sense, they often have personal / societal consequences. For example, causing harm to others or violating societal norms can lead to negative outcomes, regardless of religious beliefs.
Let’s begin by loosely defining “sin” as any action, structure, or pattern that inhibits the flourishing of relational life—whether among people, species, societies, or ecosystems.
In a non-theistic, non-Christian, or even post-metaphysical frame, this becomes:
“Sin” is that which undermines creative advance, wholeness, or harmony in relational becoming.
This allows sin to be understood not as cosmic rebellion, but as:
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A consequence of fragmentation or fear
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A failure of relatedness
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A misdirection of potential or misuse of freedom
II. Why Is There 'Sin' (or Disharmony)?
Let’s consider four broad, non-religious lenses:
1. Evolutionary & Biological Explanation
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Disharmony arises because competition, error, and aggression are part of evolutionary processes.
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Organisms—including humans—have drives for survival that can conflict with communal well-being.
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These behaviors aren’t “evil”; they’re maladaptive or contextually unfit in a social world.
➡️ Disharmony is an emergent consequence of life navigating complexity and survival.
2. Psychological & Developmental Explanation
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People act destructively due to:
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Unmet needs (attachment, safety, recognition)
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Trauma or wounding
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Cognitive biases and emotional dysregulation
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“Sin” is not metaphysical evil but the expression of internal fragmentation, fear, or unresolved pain.
➡️ Destructive behavior is symptomatic of disconnection—from self, others, or the world.
3. Sociological & Structural Explanation
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Oppression, exploitation, and systemic harm are institutionalized forms of sin.
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These patterns persist due to power imbalances, historical trauma, or economic systems prioritizing profit over dignity.
➡️ Disharmony is often structurally embedded, not merely personal.
4. Process-Philosophical Explanation
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In Alfred North Whitehead’s process philosophy, reality is always becoming—it is a web of interrelated actual occasions, constantly prehending one another.
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Evil or “sin” in this frame is:
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The rejection of creative transformation (the lure of possibility)
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The inhibition of novelty
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The objectification of others (reducing them to fixed, controllable roles)
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➡️ “Sin” arises when entities (individuals, societies) resist relational openness and fall into destructive patterns of self-isolation or dominance.
III. Key Summary Table
Term/Concept | Traditional View of Sin | Reframed, Non-Religious Equivalent |
---|---|---|
Sin | Offense against God | Breakdown in relational harmony |
Evil | Rebellion against divine law | Misuse of freedom, alienation |
Repentance | Confession of moral failure | Reorientation toward wholeness |
Salvation | Deliverance from damnation | Restoration of connection and flow |
Grace | Unmerited divine favor | Relational gift, forgiveness, openness |
IV. So, Why Is There 'Sin'? (Without Sin)
We might say:
There is “sin” because creation is unfinished. Life is emergent, contingent, and full of tension. The freedom that allows love also allows harm. Missteps, alienation, and destruction are not signs of damnation—but of the struggle toward PROCESSUAL BECOMING.
In this sense, “sin” becomes a diagnosis of distortion, not a divine verdict. Processual terms, "sin" is the evolutionary response of living systems adjusting to the cosmos, to external environments, to one another, and - if sentient - to self awareness (sic, acts of consciousness).
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Human becoming
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Relational harmony
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Ethical responsibility
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Creative transformation (instead of divine judgment)
We'll translate each viewpoint not in terms of sin and salvation, but in terms of how they address harm, alienation, and restoration in the human experience.
🌈 Reframing the “Spectrums of Salvation” through a Process-Based, Non-Theistic Lens
Original Label | Original Focus | Process Reframe |
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Calvinists | Predestined salvation/damnation | Life’s outcomes are pre-scripted; this leaves little room for novelty and reflects a static metaphysic where creativity is stifled by total (divine) determinism. Alienation is built-into one's view of God and life, and reconciliation is selective. |
Arminianists | Choice-based salvation; time-limited decision | Emphasis on personal agency, but within a rigid dualism of right/wrong. Harm is understood as failure to choose correctly. Processual reframing: moral agency exists while becoming is ongoing and never final. Growth isn’t locked in by death. |
Cafeteria Believers | Good people make it; vague criteria | Offers a relational ethic but is often morally thin. In process terms, this view intuitively values harmony and kindness but needs grounding in a broader metaphysical vision of interconnectedness. |
Mormons | Tiered outcomes based on behavior + belief | Reflects a graded ontology of becoming, but still hierarchical. In process terms, this could evolve into a view where all beings are on a path of unfolding with ontological hierarchy giving way to mutuality and co-flourishing. |
Buddhists & Hindus | All reach liberation, but over lifetimes | This is the closest alignment to process thought: samsara is the rhythm of becoming; karma mirrors relational consequences. Salvation = awakening into harmony. Process embraces this as a cosmology of transformational continuity. |
Atheists | No afterlife; meaning through memory or legacy | Rejects metaphysical constructs of salvation, yet emphasizes immanent ethics and contribution to shared becoming. Process agrees: what matters is the quality of becoming and the ripples we leave in relational space. |
🔄 Key Translation Shift: From “Salvation” to “Creative Transformation”
Instead of asking:
“Who gets saved and how?”
We might rather ask:
“How do beings—human or otherwise—heal, grow, and co-create / co-evolve in an ever evolving complex cosmos?”
This makes the core concern not judgment, but:
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Coherence vs. fragmentation
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Freedom vs. rigidity
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Participation vs. alienation
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Creative advance vs. stuck repetition
🌀 Process Theology’s Alternative: A Spectrum of Becoming
We could propose a Process Spectrum of Relational Healing as such:
- Static Rigidity <----------> Open Relational Flow
- Pre-determined fates (e.g., Calvinism) <----> Co-creative unfolding (e.g., Buddhist/Process/Relational ethics)
- Moralistic binary judgment <----> Compassionate, context-aware responsiveness
- Disembodied Heaven/Hell <---->Embodied transformation in every moment
The Processual God of SalvationGod is no longer Judge -
upon a throne of absolutes.
But Is the Deep Relational Lure -within all things.God is -the Whisper of healing,
the Breath of becoming,
the Companion of all creatures in their wandering.God is the Healer of ruptures -not by force,
but by God's nurturing presence;
God is the Helper of woes -not by forced intervention
but by redemptive invitation.
God is a Co-Evolver -One who suffers the world's sorrow,yet sings new harmonies into each broken note.
God is not the ender of stories -
but the Initiator who widens processual horizons.
God is not the punisher of sin -
but the Wooer towards processual renewal.
God is...the One who never ceases to offer -a more beautiful next in an infinitelyevolving complex series of "nexts".R.E. Slater & ChatGPT
May 30, 2025@copyright R.E. Slater Publications
all rights reserved
- God's divine companionship as versus the classic church view of condemnation.
- God heals relational brokenness through persuasive love as versus being viewed as the divine Punisher.
- God's divine redemption is not a legal pardon but an ongoing co-creative process moving towards atoning wholeness.
- God's continually lures towards redemptive restoration.
- God continually provides opportunities for relational harmony, wholeness, and sanity amid both humanity’s and the cosmos' deep unrest and fragmentation.